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B

Basmalah

:

بَسْمَلَة - This refers to the statement ‘Bismillaahir Rahmaanir Raheem’ (بسم الله الرحمان الرحيم) which translates as: "In the Name of Allaah the Most Beneficent the Most Merciful".

D

Dammah

:
ضَمَّة (ُ-) - One of the short vowels placed above a letter, giving a ‘u’ sound to the letter.

F

Fathah

:
فَتْحَة (َ-) - One of the short vowels placed above a letter, giving a short vowel ‘a’ sound.

G

Ghunnah

:

غُنَّةٌ - The nasal sound which is a quality inherent in letters noon and meem. It is prolonged in certain circumstances. Its point of articulation is the khayshoom (nasal chamber).

H

Haafidhoon/Haafidhaat

:

حَافِظُوْنَ/حَافِظَاتٌ - This translates as "preservers". When used in recitation terminology it refers to those who have memorized the Qur'aan from cover to cover.

Hadr

:

حَدْر - This is the second level of reading. It is a fast way of reading but one still observes the rules of tajweed.The reader must give each letter its due.

Halq

:

حَلْقٌ - Throat. It has three points of articulation for six letters.

Harakah

:

حَرَكَة (pl. حَرَكَات harakaat) - Literally it means “movement.”  It is  the diacritical marking above or below a letter that indicate a short vowel sound (fathah, kasrah, dammah)

Harf

:
حَرْف (pl. حُرُوْف - Huroof) - Letter as in letter of the alphabet.

(2pl. اَحْرُفٌ - Ahruf) - Refers the modes of recitation as was revealed from Angel Jibreel (`alayhis-salaam) to the Prophet Muhammad (Sallallaahu `alayhi wa sallam) in order to make its recitation easy for the different tribes at that time and their various dialects.

Huruufun Halqiyyatun

:
حُرُوْفٌ حَلْقِيَّةٌ - a nickname given to the letters which come out from the throat (halq). They are six: خ ء هـ ع ح غ.

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